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US Secretary of State John Kerry also said Washington is not in a race to seal a deal.
The Chinese foreign minister proposed that 2014 be marked as the "Year of Friendly Exchanges" between the two nations.
The UN is pushing industrialised nations, emerging economies and developing countries to move toward a global climate change agreement.
China, Russia and India stride two continents, link three oceans and have 40 per cent of the world population.
An average of 20 typhoons strike the Philippines every year, and Haiyan was the 24th in 2013.
Tacloban, capital of Leyte province, appears to have been hit the hardest with officials saying that hundreds of homes had been flattened.
The decisions taken during the meetings, held behind closed doors, will determine China's market policies for the next 10 years.
Russia is the world’s biggest energy exporter while China and India top the list of energy consumers.